Here is a collection of some of the wonderfully themed trash cans found throughout Disneyland Resort.
Main Street/Hub
Tomorrowland
Star Tours
Fantasyland
It's a Small World
Toontown
Frontierland
Aboard the Sailing Ship Columbia
Inside the Golden Horseshoe
Downtown Disney
Buena Vista Street
Hollywood Land
Radiator Springs (Carsland)
Transformers the Ride 3D (not Disney, but still pretty cool)